Causes of burns and treatment

Causes of burns and treatment

burn injuries often result in profound physical and metabolic insult those most at risk include alcoholics epileptics drug addicts and mentally handicapped .children under six are most liable to scald injuries from bath water hot drinks

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Medical and surgical treatment of piles

  
Medical and surgical treatment of piles

Treatment of piles can be divided into

 conservative medical

Treatment indicated in first and early second degree piles as well as in long term management after treatment of other degree this relies mainly on avoiding constipation and straining as well as increase dietary fiber intake local application of astringent creams like xyloproct give moderate symptommatic relief to  symptoms also give analgesics laxatives and antibiotics and rest in bed those in case of prolapsed piles also use lead subacetate lotion applied to piles 2 hourly for 24 hours to relieve the edema manual dilatation of the anus under anaesthesia (lord) can be used for patient with prolapsed

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Causes and diagnosis of haemorrhoids or piles

 Causes and diagnosis of haemorrhoids or piles

First the piles are classified into according to their location in the anal canal into

Internal piles

Above dentate line their vessels arise from superior haemorrhoidal plexus they are covered with pink rectal mucosa

 Below the dentate line their vessels arise from the inferior haemorrhoidal plexus they are covered with violet anal mucosa or skin

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basic lesion of the skin

basic lesion of the skin

lesions of the skin may be primary or secondary 1- primary lesions as these are the original lesions of the skin diseases as 1- macule a cicumscribed alteration in the colour or texture of the skin less than 1cm in diameter 2- patch a macule larger than 1 m in diameter 3- papule a circumscribed palpable elevation less than .5 cm in diameter 4- nodule a solid mass in the skin similar to the papule but more than .5 cm in diameter 5- plaque an elevated area of skin 2 cm or more in diameter 6- vesicle or blister a fluid filled lesion less than .5 cm in diameter 7- bulla a fluid filled lesion larger than .5 cm in diameter 8- pustule small elevation of the skin similar to the vesicle but containing purulent material 9- wheal or weal evanescent edematous elevations of the skin of varios sizes it is characteristic lesion of urticaria 10- comedo or blackhead a plug of keratin and sebum in a dilated pilosebaceous orifice is characteristic lesion in acne vulgaris 11- burrow a small tunnel in the skin ,livear ,s shaped 3-5 mm in length and found in patient with scabies 2- secondary lesions these have developed from modification of primary lesions by regression ,infection ,or trauma as 1- scales dry or

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