FRACTURES AND DISLOCATIONS OF THE CARPUS BONE OR WRIST

FRACTURES AND DISLOCATIONS OF THE CARPUS BONE OR WRIST
Introduction and anatomy

BONES OF THE HAND

The articulated bones of the hand are made up of a carpus (eight bones), five metacarpal bones and the phalanges of the five digits The eight carpal bones articulated together form a semi­ circk, the convexity of which is proximal and articulates with the forearm. The diameter of the semicircles distal and

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TIBIAL SHAFT WITH OR WITHOUT FIBULAR FRACTURES

TIBIAL SHAFT WITH OR WITHOUT FIBULAR FRACTURES

Introduction and anatomy

The tibia and fibula are the the bones of the leg which extended from the knee above to ankle below the tibia is more big than fibula the tibia is the medial bone but fibula is lateral one the tibia has shaft upper and lower end it is alone articulates with the femur at the knee joint the upper end has medial and lateral condyles the tuberosity of the tibia is at upper end of the

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ACETABULAR FRACTURES

ACETABULAR FRACTURES

In order to understanding the acetabular fractures it should be first known the anatomy of the acetabulum

Anatomy of the acetabulum

The acetabulum may be considered as an anterior column and wall and a posterior column and wall. The anterior column comprises the anterior part of the iliac wing extending down to include the anterior half of the acetabulum and anterior wall and around to the superior pubic ramus and pubic tubercle .the posterior column comprises the posterior half of the acetabulum the bone running back to the greater and lesser sciatic notch, and the bone running down to the ischium and the ischial tuberosity. The posterior wall abuts the centre of the posteriors column. these columns come together in an inverted Y with the dome of the acetabulum at the apex The classification of fractures is based on the extent involvement of the two columns and walls.

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CAUSES AND TREATMENT OF PELVIC FRACTURES

two hip bones

CAUSES AND TREATMENT OF PELVIC FRACTURES

To understanding the fractures of the pelvis first you should know the anatomy of the pelvic girdle

Anatomy of the pelvis

The pelvis is made up of

• innominate (hip) bones •  the sacrum•  the coccyx
These bones are bound to one another by strong ligaments

The hip bone or innominatum :This consists of three fused bones which are

• ilium• pubis• ischium

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