DIAGNOSIS OF PREGNANCY BY ULTASOUND

DIAGNOSIS OF PREGNANCY BY ULTASOUND

FIRST TRIMESTER ULTRASOUND :LANDMARKS OF FIRST TRIMESTER ULTRASOUND INCLUDE 
1- Gestational sac: menstrual weeks 5 weeks by trans vaginal ultrasound (TAS) 6WEEKS TRANS ABDOMINAL ULTRASOUND(TAS



hCG 1000-3000(TVS) 6500(TAS) 2- Yolk sac menstrual weeks 5.5 wks (TVS)7 WKS (TAS)hCG7200 mean sac diameter (MSD )8 MM (TVS) MSD20 mm(TAS)3- embryo 6 weeks (TVS)7weeks (TAS) msd 5-12 mm 4- fetal cardiac activity 6 weeks (TVS)7 wks(TAS)hcg 10,000 msd 12-18 mm (TVS)mad 25 mm (TAS)2- intrauterine gestational sac idenified by 5 wks with transvaginal ultrasound 6 wks with transabdominal ultrasound .mean sac diameter (MSD) =Length+Width+Height |3 menstrual age =msd+30 |7 MSD increase by 1 mm per day 3- Crown -Rump length accurate within 5 day between wks 8 and 13 . measured from rhombencephalon to rump yolk sac not include in measurement 4- NONVIABLE INTRAUTERINE GESTATION which characterized by MSD MORE THAN 25 MM (TAS) without visible embryo (blighted ovum ) MSD MORE THAN 18 MM (TVS)without visible embryo (oblighted ovum ) .Embryo more than 5 mm with no visible cardiac activity ((non viable embryo

 2- SECOND TRIMESTER ULTRASOUND

. Value of routine ultrasound 3- GESTATIONAL AGE .accuracy 1- first trimester ultrasound accurate within one week 2- second trimester ultrasound accurate to within two weeks 3- third trimester ultrasound :accurate to within three weeks 3- BIOMETRY PARAMETERS to calculate estimated fetal weight as 1- BIPARIETAL DIAMETER  measured at level of thalamus falx ,cavum septum pellucidum . and choroid plexus in the atria of lateral ventricles 2- HEAD CICUMFERENCE :MEASURED AT THE LEVEL OF THE BIPARIETAL DIAMETER 3-FEMUR length measured along diaphyseal shaft excluding femoral epiphysis 4- abdominal circumference :measured at level of the portal vein stomach and spine
4- AMNIOTIC FLUID :AMNIOTIC FLUID INDEX (AFI)divided abdomen into four quadrants through the umbilicus measure largest pocket of amniotic fluid in each . DEEPEST VERTICAL POCKET (DVP)maximum depth of any amniotic pocket .oligohydraminios :AFI LESS THAN 5 cm :DVP less than 1-2 cm . polyhydramnios :AFI more than 20 cm :DVP MORE THAN 8 CM

 5- BIOPHYSICAL PROFILE

 measurement of fetal well being as components of the biophysical profile

1- fetal movement more than or equal to 3 or more movements take score 2 less than 3 movement score zero 2- fetal tone one flexion |extension score 2 no flexion |extension motions score zero 3- fetal breathing 30 secs breathing score 2 less 30 secs breathing score zero 4- amniotic fluid 1 cm pocket score 2 no 1 cm pocket 5- non stress test reactive score 2 non reactive score zero

tags: pregnancy,ultrasound,diagnosis