Explaining how varicose veins treated

Explaining how varicose veins treated

Varicose veins treatment depend on many factors such as its either associated with complications or problems or no its symptomatic such as there is pain skin pigmentation skin venous ulcer or no is the patient complaining from it or no and also depend on the age of the patient and patient is fit for operation or patient refuse the operation or no most varicose veins usually not required treatment other reason may for cosmetic

Treatment of varicose veins can be divided into the following items

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Explaining varicose veins

Explaining varicose veins

Definition and introduction of the venous system

Varicose vein means dilated tortuous or twisting and elongated veins which are common medical problem in the general populations

The venous system are a dynamic and complex system which responsible for carrying deoxgynated blood from all parts of the body through the veins to the heart this occur against the gravity in upright individual

 the venous blood flow depend on multiple factors such as gravity valves of the veins the heart and respiratory cycles blood volume and the calf muscle pump any changes in the balance of these factors can result in venous pathology such as varicose veins

Varicose veins

veins are thin walled highly distensible and collapsible structures which transport the blood towards the heart in one direction when the person is upright and standing the veins are maximally distended and their diameters may be several times greater than if the person was in a horizontal position

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Management of deep venous thrombosis

Management of deep venous thrombosis 

preventing first prevention of deep venous thrombosis as 1- general measures early mobilization , hydration 2- mechanical methods graduated compression stockings perioperative pneumatic compression electrical calf stimulation ,intermittent foot compression all reduce the incidence of perioperative DVT 3- pharmacological , warfarin - postoperative bleeding can be troublesme low- dose heparin (5000 in b.d) is effective in

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The deep venous thrombosis

 The deep venous thrombosis

the significance of deep vein thrombosis(DVT) lies in its potential to cause pulmonary embolism and post-thrombotic calf pump failure .virtually all venous thrombi arise in the deep veins of the legs or pelvis .the incidence of DVT in the general population is approximately .5% where no preventative measures are employed .the incidence of DVT in general surgical patients over 40 years undergoing to major surgery is 30%and 60-80% in patients undergoing hip or knee replacement or surgery for hip fracture in patients recovering from myocardial infarction or cerebro vascular accident the incidence is 20-60% 1- aetiology VIRCHOW,S TRAID hypercoagulability antithrombin 111 deficiency ,protein c deficiency ,protein s deficiency factor v leiden ,antiphospholipid syndrome heparin co factor alpha 11 macroglobulin alpha 1 antitrypsin fibrinolytic impairment oral contraceptive .stasis as in surgery and bed rest. vein wall damage as in surgical injury trauma and radiotherapy risk factor include age sex race operation anaesthetic pregnancy trauma immobilization bed rest malignancy previous thrombosis obesity cardiac failure contraceptive pill congenital venous abnormalities .pathology thrombosis is frequently initiated in the vein valve sinuses of the soleal plexuses platelets adhere to the venous endothelium initially and fibrin and red cells are deposited between the layers of platelets giving rise to laminated thrombus this propagates to extend up th vein being free or loosely attached to the wall initially thrombus then become firmly adherent to the endothelium organizes retracts and recanalizes to varying degrees destroying the endothelium and valves as it resolve clinical features limb swelling pain tenderness erythema and dilated superficial veins are the classic signs but are frequently absent even in a major thrombosis a swollen white leg (phegmasia alba dolens)or blue leg(phlegmasia cerulea dolens

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